Tag Archives: perception

Alice in Wonderland Syndrome is a bizarre brain condition where your perception of the world is wayyyy off – Boing Boing

  1. Alice in Wonderland Syndrome is a bizarre brain condition where your perception of the world is wayyyy off Boing Boing
  2. Alice in Wonderland syndrome: From seeing people with dragon faces to objects moving too slow or too fast, here’s all about it | The Times of India timesofindia.com
  3. Alice in Wonderland Syndrome: A Not so Popular Disorder The Epoch Times
  4. The mystery of Alice in Wonderland syndrome BBC
  5. Alice in Wonderland syndrome: From seeing people with dragon faces to objects moving too slow or too fast, here’s all about it Times of India
  6. View Full Coverage on Google News

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Mysterious Tendrils Inside The Brain May Control Our Perception of Time : ScienceAlert

Tiny antenna-like organelles once thought to be holdovers from our ancient past appear to play a crucial role in keeping track of time, according to a recent study on mice by researchers from the University of California, Irvine (UCI), in the US.

Known as cilia, the microtubule projections can be found throughout the more complex branches of the tree of life, including on many of our own cells.

Where they often have a role in motion, either pushing cells around or moving materials close to their surface, most in the human body – described as primary cilia – are non-motile.

Initial investigations more than a century ago considered these kinds of structures to be vestigial. Today, many primary cilia are recognized as part of a signaling hub system that keeps the body adapting and responding appropriately.

While various roles of primary cilia in receiving and responding to sensory information have been established, little is known about how these organelles fit in with higher-order cognitive functions going on in the brain.

Part of the job of the area of the brain known as the striatum is to act as this central clock, coordinating motor movements, learning, planning, and decision-making. It’s also important for managing working memory and maintaining attention.

For their study, the researchers used a gene manipulation technique to remove striatum cilia in mice, which had a dramatic effect.

While the mice could still maintain long-term memories and habitual or already learned motor skills, various negative effects were observed after the cilia removal.

The rodents proved unable to learn new motor tasks and showed repetitive motor behavior as well as noticeable delays in making decisions. Their ability to quickly recall location and orientation information, and their ability to filter out irrelevant environmental sensory information, were negatively affected.

A variety of tests and exercises were carried out with the mice to make these conclusions, including putting the animals through mazes and testing their ability to recognize objects and locations.

“Successful performance of working memory, attention, decision-making and executive function requires accurate and precise timing judgment, usually within a millisecond to a minute,” says UCI neuroscientist Amal Alachkar.

“When that capacity is impaired, it means losing the ability to quickly adjust behavior in response to changes in external stimuli and failing to sustain appropriate, goal-oriented motor responses.”

It’s clear that all the impacts of cilia removal have a shared characteristic: the loss of ability to quickly change behavior in response to changes in the environment in an appropriate time frame.

How the results of this study relate to humans isn’t yet fully known, but it’s likely that the human brain’s cilia work in a similar way to those in mice. The researchers are already working on follow-up studies to analyze the relationship between cilia and time perception more closely.

Not only does the finding improve our understanding of how we perceive the world, but could help us to fix it in cases our view of time goes wrong.

Impaired time perception and a faulty judgment of time is a characteristic found in numerous mental and neurological disorders, including schizophrenia, Parkinson’s disease, Tourette syndrome, autism spectrum disorder, and Huntington’s disease.

“Our results may open new avenues for effective intervention through cilia-targeted therapies for treatment,” says Alachkar.

“Our ongoing work is aimed at understanding the mechanisms by which cilia regulate time perception and developing targeted therapies to improve behavioral deficits.”

The research has been published in Molecular Neurobiology.

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Neurotic Personality Trait a Key Risk Factor for Stress Perception

Summary: People with a neurotic personality type have a stronger relationship with both stressor exposure and perceived stress than any of the other four personality types.

Source: University of Illinois

A new paper co-written by a team of University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign experts who study the science of personalities points to the important role of personality traits to account for individual differences in experiencing stress.

In a meta-analysis synthesizing more than 1,500 effect sizes from about 300 primary studies, the team showed that while all of the “Big Five” personality traits—agreeableness, conscientiousness, extraversion, neuroticism and openness—are related to experiencing stress, neuroticism showed the strongest link, said Bo Zhang, a professor of labor and employment relations and of psychology at Illinois and a co-author of the paper.

“Stress is a significant mental and physical health issue that affects many people and many important domains of life, and some individuals are more likely to experience or perceive stress disproportionately or more intensely than others, which can then play a role in mental and physical health problems such as anxiety or depression,” he said.

“We found that individuals high in neuroticism”—a heightened tendency toward negative affect as well as an exaggerated response to threat, frustration or loss –”demonstrated a relationship with both stressor exposure and perceived stress that was stronger than the other four personality traits.”

Zhang’s co-authors are Jing Luo, of the Feinberg School of Medicine at Northwestern University; former U. of I. graduate student Mengyang Cao; and Brent W. Roberts, a professor of psychology at the U. of I.

“The study is the first meta-analytic review that summarizes and integrates the assorted findings on the connections between the Big Five personality traits and stress,” said Luo, the principal investigator of the research.

“Our paper suggests that certain personality traits are an important source to understand individual differences in stress.”

The researchers found that when stress assessed under different conceptualizations was tested, all of the Big Five traits were related to perceived stress—but only neuroticism, agreeableness and conscientiousness were related to stressor exposure.

“The other main personality factors have a link to stress, but it’s not as pronounced as in someone who’s neurotic,” Zhang said.

“With agreeableness and conscientiousness, for example, it is possible that agreeable people are less likely to encounter stressful situations such as interpersonal conflict because of the tendency to be caring, understanding and forgiving.

The study underscores the importance of personality in better understanding individual differences in stress, the researchers said. Image is in the public domain

“Similarly, conscientious people are less likely to experience stress because their good self-regulation abilities can protect them from the encounters of stressful experiences, as well as the negative psychological impacts of stressors.”

But that’s not the same way in which neuroticism affects stress, Zhang said.

“Neuroticism and stress share common components, so individuals high in neuroticism are likely to play an instrumental role in generating stressors and reacting to a wide variety of events in negative ways, leading to an increased likelihood or chronicity of negative experiences,” he said.

The study underscores the importance of personality in better understanding individual differences in stress, the researchers said.

“Stress is omnipresent, and the findings in the current study may have implications for the investigation of individual differences in experiencing stress and the identification of individuals who are at high risk of suffering from stress and related health issues,” Zhang said.

“If we want to add some sort of intervention program to help people manage stress, we might need to take their specific personality profile into consideration, because there are individual differences in how people handle stress.”

See also

About this stress and personality trait research news

Author: Phil Ciciora
Source: University of Illinois
Contact: Phil Ciciora – University of Illinois
Image: The image is in the public domain

Original Research: Closed access.
“The Stressful Personality: A Meta-Analytical Review of the Relation Between Personality and Stress” by Jing Luo et al. Personality & Social Psychology Review


Abstract

The Stressful Personality: A Meta-Analytical Review of the Relation Between Personality and Stress

The current study presented the first meta-analytic review on the associations between the Big Five personality traits and stress measured under different conceptualizations (stressor exposure, psychological and physiological stress responses) using a total of 1,575 effect sizes drawn from 298 samples.

Overall, neuroticism was found to be positively related to stress, whereas extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness were negatively linked to stress. When stress assessed under different conceptualizations was tested, only neuroticism, agreeableness, and conscientiousness were related to stressor exposure.

All of the Big Five personality traits were significantly associated with psychological stress perception, whereas the five personality traits showed weak to null associations with physiological stress response.

Further moderation analyses suggested that the associations between personality traits and stress under different conceptualizations were also contingent upon different characteristics of stress, sample, study design, and measures.

The results supported the important role of personality traits in individual differences in stress.

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How the Brain Separates Perception From Memory

Summary: While previous studies point to an overlap between perception and memory, a new study finds the two are systematically different.

Source: NYU

The brain works in fundamentally different ways when remembering what we have seen compared to seeing something for the first time, a team of scientists has found.

While previous work had concluded there is significant overlap between these two processes, the new study, which appears in the journal Nature Communications, reveals they are systematically different.

“There are undoubtedly some similarities between the brain’s activity when people are seeing and remembering things, but there are also significant differences,” says Jonathan Winawer, a professor of psychology and neuroscience at New York University and the senior author of the paper.

“These distinctions are crucial to better understanding memory behavior and related afflictions.”

“We think these differences have to do with the architecture of the visual system itself and that the vision and memory processes produce different patterns of activity within this architecture,” adds Serra Favila, the paper’s lead author and an NYU doctoral student at the time of the study.

For decades, it was thought that recalling what we have seen—a sunset, a painting, another’s face—meant reactivating the same neuronal process used when seeing these images for the first time. However, the relationship between these activities—feedforward (vision) and feedback (memory)—is unclear.

To explore this, the research team, which also included Brice Kuhl, previously an assistant professor at NYU, conducted a series of experiments with human subjects.

Using functional MRI (fMRI) technology, the scientists measured the subjects’ visual cortex responses as they viewed images (simple geometric shapes in different locations on a computer screen) and, later, when they were asked to recall their make-up.

Varying the location of these visual shapes in the experiments allowed the researchers to monitor and understand memory activity in the visual system in a highly precise way.

The results showed some similarities between neuronal activity when initially processing these visual shapes and when asked to recall them—the parts of the visual cortex deployed when seeing something for the first time (perception) were also active during memory processing.

However, activity during memory also differed from activity during perception in highly systematic ways. Many of these differences stem from how visual scenes are mapped onto the brain. The brain has dozens of visual areas to process and store incoming images. These areas are arranged in a hierarchy—a long-understood characteristic.

More specifically, the primary visual cortex (V1) is at the bottom of the hierarchy because it is the first area to receive visual inputs, and it maps the visual scene in fine spatial detail. The signals are then passed along to subsequent brain maps for further processing—to the secondary visual cortex, or V2, and then V3, etc.

The initial processing by the primary visual cortex accurately captures the spatial arrangement of images while the higher brain areas, such as the secondary visual cortex, extract more complex information—What shape does an object have? What color is it? Is it a cup or bowl? But what is gained in complexity is lost in spatial precision.

How the brain works in the perception of an image varies significantly from how it recalls one from memory. This illustration captures how brain activity spreads in perception, akin to ink spreading on stacked pieces of paper, and memory, in which the activity is more constant across multiple brain maps. Credit: Jonathan Winawer, NYU’s Department of Psychology/New York University

“The tradeoff is that as these higher areas extract more complex information, they become less concerned about the exact spatial arrangement of the image,” explains Winawer.

In the Nature Communications study, the researchers found that during perception viewing a small object activated a small part of the primary visual cortex, a larger part of secondary visual cortex, and even larger parts of higher cortices.

This was expected due to the known properties of the visual hierarchy, they note. However, they found that this progression appears to be lost when recalling a visual stimulus (i.e., memory).

The scientists say this is akin to the way ink spreads on stacked pieces of paper. In perception, brain activity becomes more dispersed as you move up the organ’s hierarchy.

By contrast, in memory, the ink starts out at the top of the hierarchy, already dispersed, and cannot get narrower as it goes back down, thus the activity remains relatively constant.

See also

This loss of progression during memory may explain why remembering a scene is so different from seeing one, and why there tends to be so much less detail available in memory.

About this perception and memory research news

Author: Press Office
Source: NYU
Contact: Press Office – NYU
Image: The image is credited to Jonathan Winawer, NYU’s Department of Psychology/New York University

Original Research: Open access.
“Perception and memory have distinct spatial tuning properties in human visual cortex” by Serra E. Favila et al. Nature Communications


Abstract

Perception and memory have distinct spatial tuning properties in human visual cortex

Reactivation of earlier perceptual activity is thought to underlie long-term memory recall. Despite evidence for this view, it is unclear whether mnemonic activity exhibits the same tuning properties as feedforward perceptual activity.

Here, we leverage population receptive field models to parameterize fMRI activity in human visual cortex during spatial memory retrieval.

Though retinotopic organization is present during both perception and memory, large systematic differences in tuning are also evident. Whereas there is a three-fold decline in spatial precision from early to late visual areas during perception, this pattern is not observed during memory retrieval.

This difference cannot be explained by reduced signal-to-noise or poor performance on memory trials. Instead, by simulating top-down activity in a network model of cortex, we demonstrate that this property is well explained by the hierarchical structure of the visual system.

Together, modeling and empirical results suggest that computational constraints imposed by visual system architecture limit the fidelity of memory reactivation in sensory cortex.

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Never Ignore These Types of Back Pain

Photo: TB studio (Shutterstock)

It often feels like after a certain age, back pain becomes a fact of life. This discomfort doesn’t have to be inevitable: You can keep the aches and pangs at bay with the best stretches and yoga moves to relieve back pain. Unfortunately, because an achy back is seen as so common, many people are quick to dismiss signs that something more serious might be going on. Here are some signs that your back pain is out of the ordinary and should be looked at by a a doctor or a physical therapist:

  • Back pain that reaches your side/upper abdomen: As AICA Orthopedics explains, although pain in both your back and abdomen at once could be a coincidence, it also could be a sign of a larger underlying condition. If your back pain is radiating around to your front or flank, it could indicate conditions like pancreatitis, appendicitis, or kidney stones. In order to relieve your pain, a proper diagnosis is needed.
  • Upper back pain that reaches your neck and legs: Neck and back pain often go hand-in-hand, and could be a sign of something as mild as poor posture. On the other hand, according to Johns Hopkins Medicine, back pain coming from your neck could be a sign of nerve damage. Other signs of pressure on the spinal nerves include weakness, numbness, or severe shooting pain that travels from the back to the leg.
  • Pain with “pins and needles”: Similar to the point above, if your back pain is associated any numbness or tingling (that “pins and needles” feeling), then you should get checked out to make sure nothing is wrong with your spinal cord.
  • Pain with loss of bladder control: According to Healthline, because your back muscles and nerves sit so closely behind your bladder, incontinence and back pain are often linked. If something is wrong with your bladder, you might feel pain in your back; likewise, if something is wrong with your back, you could experience incontinence. This is not something to ignore, since loss of bladder control could indicate a medical emergency like an epidural hematoma or severely herniated disk.
  • Pain with fevers: A fever may be a sign of something more serious like an infection, David Anderson, a spine surgeon at OrthoCarolina, tells HuffPost. Luckily, Anderson says this is rare, and that the fever and back pain are not necessarily linked. Still, continuous back back associated with a fever flaring up is reason to see a healthcare provider.
  • Pain that lasts longer than ten days: As a general rule, you don’t want to ignore any kind of pain that lasts longer than ten days—especially if it’s only getting worse. The longer you wait to address the pain, the longer it could take to finally treat it.

It’s been normalized to push through daily back pain, but anything that seems out of the ordinary could be a sign you need medical attention. See a physician if you have numbness or tingling, weakness, loss of bladder control, fever, or pain that shoots from your back to other areas of your body. Don’t wait for your pain to go away on it’s own, or else you could be ignoring a more serious underlying condition.

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New Research Overturns 100-Year-Old Understanding of Color Perception

This visualization captures the 3D mathematical space used to map human color perception. A new mathematical representation has found that the line segments representing the distance between widely separated colors don’t add up correctly using the previously accepted geometry. The research contradicts long-held assumptions and will improve a variety of practical applications of color theory. Credit: Los Alamos National Laboratory

A paradigm shift away from the 3D mathematical description developed by Schrödinger and others to describe how we see color could result in more vibrant computer displays, TVs, textiles, printed materials, and more.

New research corrects a significant error in the 3D mathematical space developed by the Nobel Prize-winning physicist Erwin Schrödinger and others to describe how your eye distinguishes one color from another. This incorrect model has been used by scientists and industry for more than 100 years. The study has the potential to boost scientific data visualizations, improve televisions, and recalibrate the textile and paint industries.

“The assumed shape of color space requires a paradigm shift,” said Roxana Bujack, a computer scientist with a background in mathematics who creates scientific visualizations at Los Alamos National Laboratory. Bujack is lead author of the paper on the mathematics of color perception by a Los Alamos team. It was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

“Our research shows that the current mathematical model of how the eye perceives color differences is incorrect. That model was suggested by Bernhard Riemann and developed by Hermann von Helmholtz and Erwin Schrödinger — all giants in mathematics and physics — and proving one of them wrong is pretty much the dream of a scientist.”

Modeling human color perception enables automation of image processing, computer graphics, and visualization tasks.


A Los Alamos team corrects math that has been used by scientists, including Nobel Prize-winning physicist Erwin Schrödinger, to describe how your eye distinguishes one color from another.

“Our original idea was to develop algorithms to automatically improve color maps for data visualization, to make them easier to understand and interpret,” Bujack said. So the research team was surprised when they discovered they were the first to uncover that the longstanding application of Riemannian geometry, which allows generalizing straight lines to curved surfaces, didn’t work.

A precise mathematical model of perceived color space is needed to create industry standards. First attempts used Euclidean spaces — the familiar geometry taught in many high schools. Later, more advanced models used Riemannian geometry. The models plot red, green, and blue in the 3D space. Those are the colors registered most strongly by light-detecting cones on our retinas, and — not surprisingly — the colors that blend to create all the images on your RGB computer screen.

In the study, which combines psychology, biology, and mathematics, Bujack and her colleagues discovered that using Riemannian geometry overestimates the perception of large color differences. This is because humans perceive a big difference in color to be less than the sum you would get if you added up small differences in color that lie between two widely separated shades.

Riemannian geometry cannot account for this effect.

“We didn’t expect this, and we don’t know the exact geometry of this new color space yet,” Bujack said. “We might be able to think of it normally but with an added dampening or weighing function that pulls long distances in, making them shorter. But we can’t prove it yet.”

Reference: “The non-Riemannian nature of perceptual color space” by Roxana Bujack, Emily Teti, Jonah Miller, Elektra Caffrey and Terece L. Turton, 29 April 2022, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2119753119

Funding: Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Los Alamos National Laboratory.



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A new study overturns 100-year-old understanding of color perception

Credit: Pixabay/CC0 Public Domain

A new study corrects an important error in the 3D mathematical space developed by the Nobel Prize-winning physicist Erwin Schrödinger and others, and used by scientists and industry for more than 100 years to describe how your eye distinguishes one color from another. The research has the potential to boost scientific data visualizations, improve TVs and recalibrate the textile and paint industries.

“The assumed shape of color space requires a paradigm shift,” said Roxana Bujack, a computer scientist with a background in mathematics who creates scientific visualizations at Los Alamos National Laboratory. Bujack is lead author of the paper by a Los Alamos team in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on the mathematics of color perception.

“Our research shows that the current mathematical model of how the eye perceives color differences is incorrect. That model was suggested by Bernhard Riemann and developed by Hermann von Helmholtz and Erwin Schrödinger—all giants in mathematics and physics—and proving one of them wrong is pretty much the dream of a scientist,” said Bujack.

Modeling human color perception enables automation of image processing, computer graphics and visualization tasks.

“Our original idea was to develop algorithms to automatically improve color maps for data visualization, to make them easier to understand and interpret,” Bujack said. So the team was surprised when they discovered they were the first to determine that the longstanding application of Riemannian geometry, which allows generalizing straight lines to curved surfaces, didn’t work.






This visualization captures the 3D mathematical space used to map human color perception. A new mathematical representation has found that the line segments representing the distance between widely separated colors don’t add up correctly using the previously accepted geometry. The research contradicts long-held assumptions and will improve a variety of practical applications of color theory. Credit: Los Alamos National Laboratory

To create industry standards, a precise mathematical model of perceived color space is needed. First attempts used Euclidean spaces—the familiar geometry taught in many high schools; more advanced models used Riemannian geometry. The models plot red, green and blue in the 3D space. Those are the colors registered most strongly by light-detecting cones on our retinas, and—not surprisingly—the colors that blend to create all the images on your RGB computer screen.

In the study, which blends psychology, biology and mathematics, Bujack and her colleagues discovered that using Riemannian geometry overestimates the perception of large color differences. That’s because people perceive a big difference in color to be less than the sum you would get if you added up small differences in color that lie between two widely separated shades.

Riemannian geometry cannot account for this effect.

“We didn’t expect this, and we don’t know the exact geometry of this new color space yet,” Bujack said. “We might be able to think of it normally but with an added dampening or weighing function that pulls long distances in, making them shorter. But we can’t prove it yet.”


Public perception of scientific results distorted by colorful graphics


More information:
Roxana Bujack et al, The non-Riemannian nature of perceptual color space, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (2022). DOI: 10.1073/pnas.211975311
Provided by
Los Alamos National Laboratory

Citation:
Math error: A new study overturns 100-year-old understanding of color perception (2022, August 10)
retrieved 10 August 2022
from https://phys.org/news/2022-08-math-error-overturns-year-old-perception.html

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“Time Expansion” – Our Perception of Time Has Slowed

How the pandemic and social isolation have altered how we perceive the passage of time.

In the early stages of the epidemic, the majority of those who were confined to their homes said that they felt that time moved more slowly and that they felt lonely as a result.

According to a report in the journal Science Advances, the

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LIV series is ‘harming the perception’ of golf, says R&A chief executive Martin Slumbers

ST. ANDREWS, Scotland — R&A chief executive Martin Slumbers said there is “no such thing as a free lunch” in golf and that he believes LIV Golf is “harming the perception of the sport.”

Slumbers, speaking Wednesday ahead of the 150th Open Championship at the Old Course at St. Andrews, offered the sharpest criticism of LIV Golf yet by the head of a governing body.

“I firmly believe that the existing golf ecosystem has successfully provided stable pathways for golfers to enter the sport and develop and realize their full potential,” Slumbers said. “Professional golfers are entitled to choose where they want to play and to accept the prize money that’s offered to them. I have absolutely no issue with that at all. But there is no such thing as a free lunch.”

There are 24 LIV Golf players competing in The Open, including former major champions Phil Mickelson, Brooks Koepka, Bryson DeChambeau, Dustin Johnson and Louis Oosthuizen. Some of them were lured to the new breakaway circuit, which is being financed by Saudi Arabia’s Public Investment Fund, by signing bonuses reportedly worth more than $100 million and $25 million purses for each event.

The PGA Tour suspended more than 20 golfers who competed in the first two LIV events at Centurion Club outside London and Pumpkin Ridge outside Portland, Oregon. The DP World Tour also fined and suspended its players from competing in three of its events that are co-sanctioned by the PGA Tour.

“I believe the model we’ve seen at Centurion and Pumpkin Ridge is not in the best long-term interests of the sport as a whole and is entirely driven by money,” Slumbers said. “We believe it undermines the merit-based culture and the spirit of open competition that makes golf so special.

“I would also like to say that in my opinion, the continued commentary that this is about growing the game is just not credible and, if anything, is harming the perception of our sport which we are working so hard to improve.”

Slumbers said LIV players were allowed to compete in The Open this year because they had already met qualifying criteria or had been awarded exemptions. He said the R&A would reassess the qualifying standards before the 2023 Open at Royal Liverpool in England.

“I never said the best golfers will not be able to play,” Slumbers said. “We will hold totally true to The Open being open to anybody. But we may well look at how you get into that, whether it’s an exemption or a need to qualify through our qualifying process.”

Despite his harsh criticism, Slumbers insisted the R&A wasn’t planning to ban LIV players from competing.

“Looking ahead to The Open next year, we have been asked quite frequently about banning players,” Slumbers said. “Let me be very clear: That’s not on our agenda. But what is on our agenda is that we will review our exemptions and qualifications criteria for The Open. And whilst we do that every year, we absolutely reserve the right to make changes as our Open Championships Committee deems appropriate.”

Slumbers also defended the R&A’s decision not to invite LIV Golf CEO Greg Norman, a two-time winner of The Open, to St. Andrews for the 150th celebration. Slumbers noted that Norman hadn’t been to St. Andrews since 2010 and hadn’t attended The Open in many years.

Norman called the R&A’s decision “petty” in an interview this week with Australian Golf Digest.

“We are absolutely determined to ensure that this goes down in history as about The 150th Open,” Slumbers said. “We decided that there would be, based on noise that I was receiving from multiple sources, that that was going to be potentially unlikely.

“We decided that we didn’t want the distraction. We wanted to ensure that the conversation was all about this week and playing golf and balls in the air [on Thursday] and the champion golfer on Sunday.”

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How To Get The Star Wars Force Choke Weapon In Dying Light 2

Gif: Techland / AshesWolf / Kotaku

Dying Light 2 has a large and cool Doom Easter egg in it. It’s very nice, complete with a special new shotgun and a visual filter that makes the game look more retro. However, the folks at Techland decided that wasn’t enough and stuck a separate and also cool Star Wars Easter egg in this already elaborate secret level.

As a person who really liked Dying Light 2, enjoys video game Easter eggs, and adores silly weapons, I’m not mad at all. And as someone who considers himself a big Star Wars and Doom fan, I’m really, really not complaining.

This cool secret-in-a-secret was spotted by PC Gamer and thankfully YouTuber AshesWolf created a handy little video guide showing you just how to unlock these hidden Easter eggs.

First, you’ll need to find five creepy rubber ducks. Then you bring those to a Hellish location found under Dying Light 2‘s tallest building. Using wires, you create a pentagram-like symbol and open a portal to the Doom Easter egg, which is a recreation of the opening level of the classic and iconic shooter. That alone would be enough for a blog post from me. But no, there’s more.

Eventually, towards the end of the level you’ll find a wall where, in the original Doom, there is a hidden door. Well, Dying Light 2‘s recreation also has a secret door. Go in and you’ll eventually find a blueprint that will let you force choke enemies in the game, just like Darth Vader. The blueprint’s description even directly references a line from Star Wars: Rogue One, when Vader chokes a guy while telling one of the dumbest dad jokes in the galaxy.

Dying Light 2 has some other cool Easter eggs in it too, including a fully working bicycle and hoverboard. PC Gamer also covered a secret that turns your hand into a working gun.

It makes sense that Dying Light 2 has all these secrets and silly Easter eggs in it. The first game, also developed by Techland, was filled with similar stuff, too. See, zombie apocalypses can be fun.

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