- Just 1 Dose of New Antibiotic Class Eliminates Resistant Blood Infections in Mice ScienceAlert
- Macrocyclic peptides: up-and-coming weapons to combat antimicrobial resistance | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy Nature.com
- Fluorous lipopeptides act as highly effective antibiotics for multidrug-resistant pathogens Phys.org
- New research to starve resistant bacteria • healthcare-in-europe.com healthcare-in-europe.com
- Antibiotic Hits Novel Target, a Lipid Enzyme, Defeats Resistant Bacteria in Mice Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology News
Tag Archives: Dose
Double Dose Of Good News For ‘To Kill A Tiger’: Priyanka Chopra Jonas Boards Oscar-Nominated Doc As Netflix Prepares To Launch Film Globally – Deadline
- Double Dose Of Good News For ‘To Kill A Tiger’: Priyanka Chopra Jonas Boards Oscar-Nominated Doc As Netflix Prepares To Launch Film Globally Deadline
- Netflix Buys Oscar-Nominated Documentary ‘To Kill a Tiger’ Variety
- Oscar voters, stand with ‘To Kill a Tiger’ against sexual assault USA TODAY
- Priyanka Chopra turns executive producer for Oscar-nominated To Kill a Tiger as Netflix prepares to launch film globally Hindustan Times
- Priyanka Chopra joins team of Oscar-nominated film To Kill A Tiger, says she was ‘moved to pieces’: ‘As the daughter of a father…’ The Indian Express
Effectiveness of a bivalent mRNA vaccine booster dose to prevent severe COVID-19 outcomes: a retrospective cohort study – The Lancet
- Effectiveness of a bivalent mRNA vaccine booster dose to prevent severe COVID-19 outcomes: a retrospective cohort study The Lancet
- Bivalent COVID-19 booster vaccine shown to be highly effective in reducing deaths and hospitalizations Medical Xpress
- Durability of Bivalent Boosters against Omicron Subvariants | NEJM nejm.org
- Pfizer bivalent vaccine reduces Covid-related death risk by 68 per cent in older people: Study The Financial Express
- New bivalent booster vaccines highly effective in reducing Covid deaths and hospitalisations, study finds Independent.ie
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NYC man pleads guilty to selling fatal dose of fentanyl-laced heroin to actor Michael K. Williams – Fox News
- NYC man pleads guilty to selling fatal dose of fentanyl-laced heroin to actor Michael K. Williams Fox News
- Dealer charged in actor Michael K. Williams’ overdose death pleads guilty Yahoo Entertainment
- Michael K. Williams: Man who sold the late actor fentanyl-laced heroin pleads guilty CNN
- Dealer who sold lethal dose to ‘The Wire’ actor Michael K. Williams pleads guilty SILive.com
- Michael K. Williams Death: Drug Dealer Who Sold ‘Wire’ Star Fatal Fentanyl Pleads Guilty; Faces 40 Years Behind Bars Yahoo Entertainment
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Age-dependent impairment in antibody responses elicited by a homologous CoronaVac booster dose – Science
- Age-dependent impairment in antibody responses elicited by a homologous CoronaVac booster dose Science
- Lipid nanoparticles (LNP) induce activation and maturation of antigen presenting cells in young and aged individuals | Communications Biology Nature.com
- Bivalent and monovalent mRNA boosters induce similar antibody response against Omicron subvariants News-Medical.Net
- Reassuring Findings on Bivalent COVID Booster in Hemodialysis Patients Medpage Today
- Immunologic Effect of Bivalent mRNA Booster in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis | NEJM nejm.org
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What to know about the new bivalent COVID-19 booster and how to get it in Athens | City News
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the updated bivalent COVID-19 vaccine as a single dose booster on Aug. 31.
The new booster provides protection against the BA.4 and the BA.5 strain of the omicron variant, according to the FDA. The CDC reported that these strains currently cause the majority of positive COVID-19 cases in the United States.
As of Oct. 12, the CDC recommends that people ages 5 years and older receive one updated (bivalent) booster if it has been at least two months since their last COVID-19 vaccine dose, whether that was their final primary series dose, or an original (monovalent) booster. People who have gotten more than one of the monovalent boosters are also recommended to get an updated bivalent booster.
According to the Georgia Department of Health, 52% of Clarke County is fully vaccinated, meaning a full two-vaccine series, and 28% have received an additional dose. The Georgia Department of Health does not track the percentage of people who have received the updated bivalent booster.
Missy Jackson, the Director of Nursing at the University Health Center, said the UHC has been administering COVID-19 vaccines since the first monovalent vaccines were first released. They now administer both the original monovalent vaccines and the updated bivalent boosters. The University Health Center follows CDC guidelines for the bivalent booster.
“Since receiving the first COVID-19 vaccines in December of 2020, the UHC has administered over 36,000 vaccines to over 19,000 distinct individuals. Of those total vaccines, UHC has administered approximately 1,000 bivalent vaccines,” Jackson said.
If students wish to receive the bivalent vaccine at the UHC, they can schedule an appointment in the UHC patient portal or call the Allergy and Travel clinic at 706-542-5575.
Jackson also said the Georgia Department of Public Health and local pharmacies in the Athens area are available to provide the bivalent COVID-19 vaccine. She said it is important to contact the provider to verify if they have the correct vaccine when making an appointment.
Emily Harkness, a second-year anthropology major at the University of Georgia, said she got the updated booster at the same time as a flu vaccine. She said she has encouraged friends and family to get the vaccine to increase collective immunity.
“My grandma is very susceptible to COVID, so we’re all very cautious about it. I encouraged most of my family to get the vaccine, and I encouraged my friends as well, because it’s herd immunity,” Harkness said. “So if most people get it, then the chances of people getting very sick is going to be a lot less.”
Pfizer expects to hike U.S. COVID vaccine price to $110-$130 per dose
NEW YORK, Oct 20 (Reuters) – Pfizer Inc expects to roughly quadruple the price of its COVID-19 vaccine to about $110 to $130 per dose after the United States government’s current purchase program expires, Pfizer executive Angela Lukin said on Thursday.
Lukin said she expects the vaccine – currently provided for free to all by the government – will be made available at no cost to people who have private insurance or government paid insurance.
Reuters earlier on Thursday reported that Wall Street was expecting such price hikes due to weak demand for COVID vaccines, which meant vaccine makers would need to hike prices to meet revenue forecasts for 2023 and beyond.
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The U.S. government currently pays around $30 per dose to Pfizer and German partner BioNTech SE (22UAy.DE). In 2023, the market is expected to move to private insurance after the U.S. public health emergency expires.
“We are confident that the U.S. price point of the COVID-19 vaccine reflects its overall cost effectiveness and ensures the price will not be a barrier for access for patients,” Lukin said.
It is not yet clear what kind of access people without health insurance will have to the vaccine.
Pfizer said it expects the COVID-19 market to be about the size of the flu shot market on an annual basis for adults, but that the pediatric market would take longer to build based on shots given so far.
So far the U.S. rollout of updated COVID-19 booster shots which target both the original coronavirus strain and the Omicron strain has lagged last year’s rate despite more people being eligible for the shots.
Around 14.8 million people in the U.S. received a booster shot over the first six weeks of the rollout of the new shots. In the first six weeks of the 2021 revaccination campaign, over 22 million people received their third shot even though only older and immunocompromised people were eligible at that point.
Lukin said she does not expect purchasing of the vaccines to transfer to the private sector until the first quarter of 2023 “at the earliest.” The move is dependent on the government contracted supply being depleted.
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Reporting by Michael Erman; Writing by Caroline Humer; Editing by Bill Berkrot and Richard Pullin
Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.
Nicotine Dose in a Single Cigarette Blocks Estrogen Production in Women’s Brains
Summary: The dose of nicotine from a single cigarette blocks estrogen production in the brain, causing behavioral changes. Findings may shed new light on why quitting smoking may be more difficult for women than men.
Source: European College of Neuropsychopharmacology
A dose of nicotine, equivalent to that found in a single cigarette blocks estrogen production in women’s brains. This may explain several behavioural differences in women who smoke, including why they are more resistant than men to quitting smoking.
This work is presented for the first time at the ECNP Congress in Vienna.
Lead researcher, Associate Professor Erika Comasco (Uppsala University, Sweden) said:
“For the first time, we can see that nicotine works to shuts down the estrogen production mechanism in the brain of women.
“We were surprised to see that this effect could be seen even with a single dose of nicotine, equivalent to just one cigarette, showing how powerful the effects of smoking are on a woman’s brain. This is a newly-discovered effect, and it’s still preliminary work.
“We’re still not sure what the behavioural or cognitive outcomes are; only that nicotine acts on this area of the brain, however we note that the affected brain system is a target for addictive drugs, such as nicotine”.
The effect has been shown in the thalamus, which is part of the limbic system in the brain. This system is involved in behavioural and emotional responses.
The researchers, from Uppsala University in Sweden, worked with a group of ten healthy female volunteers.
The women were given a commercially available nicotine dose intranasally, and at the same time were injected with a radioactive tracer attached to a molecule which binds to the enzyme aromatase: aromatase, also known as estrogen synthase, is the enzyme responsible for the production of estrogen. MRI and PET brain scans enabled the researchers to visualise both the quantity of aromatase, and where it was located in the brain.
The researchers found that a single dose moderately reduced the amount of aromatase in the brain.
It has been known for some time that women and men respond differently to nicotine, with women being more resistant to nicotine replacement therapy, and showing a greater tendency than men to relapse when trying to quit smoking.
However, the biological basis for these differences is not understood. This is the first time that this inhibitory effect on aromatase production has been shown in humans. The effect on men was not studied.
Professor Comasco continued “This discovery leads us to believe that nicotine’s effect on estrogen production has a significant impact on the brain, but perhaps also on other functions, such as the reproductive system – we don’t know that yet. There are significant differences in the way men and women react to smoking.
“Women seem to be more resistant to nicotine replacement therapy, they experience more relapses, show greater vulnerability for heritability of smoking, and are at greater risk of developing primary smoking-related illnesses, such as lung cancer and heart attacks. We need now to understand if this action of nicotine on the hormonal system is involved in any of these reactions.
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Of course this is a comparatively small group of women, we need a larger sample to confirm these findings. Nevertheless, the message is that nicotine has various effects on the brain, including on the production of sex hormones such as estrogen”.
Commenting, Professor Wim van den Brink, Emeritus Professor of Psychiatry and Addiction at the Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam said:
“This is indeed an important first finding. Smoking has many adverse effects in men and in women, but this particular effect of nicotine on the reduction of estrogen production in woman was not known before.
“It should be noted, however, that tobacco addiction is a complex disorder with many contributing factors. It’s unlikely that this specific effect of nicotine on the thalamus (and the production of estrogen) explains all the observed differences in the development, treatment and outcomes between male and female smokers.
“It is still a long way from a nicotine induced reduction in estrogen production to a reduced risk of nicotine addiction and negative effects of treatment and relapse in female cigarette smokers, but this work merits further investigation”.
About this nicotine research news
Author: Tom Parkhill
Source: European College of Neuropsychopharmacology
Contact: Tom Parkhill – European College of Neuropsychopharmacology
Image: The image is credited to Jana Immenschuh
Original Research: The findings were presented at the 35th Congress of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology (ECNP)
City Opens Second Dose Monkeypox Vaccine Eligibility to 28-Day Interval
Second dose appointments will be open to anyone who received their first dose at least 28 days ago
The city will also expand eligibility to people who are under 18 and who meet all other eligibility criteria
On Friday, September 16, over 50,000 new first and second dose appointments will be made available at 4 p.m.
September 15, 2022 — The New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene today announced that, starting tomorrow, Friday, September 16, at 4 p.m., anyone who received their first doses of monkeypox vaccine at least 28 days ago can schedule a second dose appointment. The City is also expanding eligibility for vaccinations to people who are under 18 and meet all other criteria. Also, tomorrow, over 50,000 new appointments will be made available, for dates between September 17 and October 6.
“We feel confident that we now have enough supply of vaccine to meet current demand, and are comfortable lowering the window of time between first and second doses,” said Health Commissioner Dr. Ashwin Vasan. “We know that this provides much deserved peace of mind to New Yorkers who have bravely faced this outbreak. Over these many months, they have adapted to the vaccine supply challenges and have successfully slowed the spread of this virus. We are especially grateful to the affected community, who stepped up to protect themselves and one another, as well as partner organizations who worked tirelessly to share information.”
On September 1, the City announced its initial second dose strategy to provide second doses 10 weeks after the first dose. This policy was put in place to ensure adequate supply and capacity for administration of vaccines to all eligible New Yorkers who needed their first and second doses. Now that there is enough vaccine supply to meet the current demand for first doses, the City is making second doses available 28 days after the first dose, as indicated in the FDA prescribing label. Completing the series with a second dose administered any time after 28 days is expected to boost the immune protection from the vaccine.
People who had first doses between July 24 and September 8 will receive notifications to schedule a second dose appointment.
Additionally, the new eligibility to New Yorkers under the age of 18 years old will ensure that age is less of a barrier to New Yorkers who need vaccination. With the expanded eligibility, vaccine is now open to people who meet all of the following conditions:
- People who have had multiple or anonymous sex partners in the last 14 days and identify as at least one of the following:
- Gay, bisexual, or other man (cisgender or transgender) who has sex with cis or transgender men or transgender women.
- Transgender, gender non-conforming, or gender non-binary (regardless of the gender of your sex partners).
- Sex workers and anyone engaging in survival sex or any other types of transactional sex (including sex in exchange for money, food, shelter or other goods) of any sexual orientation or gender identity.
Minors must have parental, guardian or legal custodian consent, unless the minor is part of a group to whom the law gives the right to consent to their own care, such as married minors, minors who are parents or pregnant, and minors in the military. For people 16 or 17 years of age, such consent should be provided either in person or by phone, at the time of the vaccine appointment. For minors 15 years of age or younger, an adult caregiver must accompany the minor. The parent or guardian must still provide consent by phone at the time of the appointment or by written statement.
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One Dose of Alcohol Is Enough to Modify the Brain
Summary: A single dose of alcohol permanently alters the structure of synapses and the dynamics of mitochondria, researchers report.
Source: University of Cologne
A research team from the University of Cologne and the Universities of Mannheim and Heidelberg has found that even the single administration of alcohol permanently alters the morphology of neurons.
In particular, the structure of the synapses as well as the dynamics of mitochondria are influenced by alcohol. Using the genetic model system of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, Professor Dr. Henrike Scholz and her team members Michèle Tegtmeier und Michael Berger showed that changes in the migration of mitochondria in the synapses reduce the rewarding effect of alcohol.
These results suggest that even a single consumption event can lay the foundation for alcohol addiction.
The study has appeared in PNAS .
Which changes in the brain accompany the transition from sporadic drinking to chronic alcohol abuse?
That is the question a joint research project with working groups at the University of Mannheim-Heidelberg and the University of Cologne explored. Most scientific research has examined the effects of chronic alcohol consumption on the hippocampus—the control center of our brain. Because of this, little is known about the acute neuronal interactions of critical risk factors, such as a first alcohol intoxication at an early age, explained Henrike Scholz.
“We set out to discover ethanol-dependent molecular changes. These, in turn, provide the basis for permanent cellular changes following a single acute ethanol intoxication. The effects of a single alcohol administration were examined at the molecular, cellular and behavioral levels,” said Scholz.
The working hypothesis was that, similar to the formation of memory after a single lesson, a single administration of ethanol would form a positive association with alcohol.
The team tested its hypothesis using research in fruit flies and mouse models and found ethanol-induced changes in two areas: mitochondrial dynamics and the balance between synapses in neurons. Mitochondria supply cells and especially nerve cells with energy. In order to optimally deliver the energy to the cells, the mitochondria move.
The movement of the mitochondria was disturbed in the cells treated with ethanol. The chemical balance between certain synapses was also disturbed. These changes remained permanent and were confirmed by behavioral changes in the animals: Mice and fruit flies showed increased alcohol consumption and alcohol relapse later in life.
The morphological remodeling of neurons is a well-known basis for learning and memory. These so-called cellular plasticity mechanisms, which are central to learning and memory, are also thought to be at the core of the formation of associative memories for drug-related rewards. Therefore, some of the observed morphological changes may influence ethanol-related memory formation.
Together with the migration of mitochondria in neurons, which are also important for synaptic transmission and plasticity, the researchers speculate that these ethanol-dependent cellular changes are critical for the development of addictive behaviors.
“It is remarkable that the cellular processes contributing to such complex reward behavior are conserved across species, suggesting a similar role in humans,” said Scholz. “It could be a possible general cellular process essential for learning and memory.”
Both of the observed mechanisms could explain observations made in mice that a single intoxication experience can increase alcohol consumption and alcohol relapse later in life.
“These mechanisms may even be relevant to the observation in humans that the first alcohol intoxication at an early age is a critical risk factor for later alcohol intoxication and the development of alcohol addiction,” explained Professor Scholz.
“This means that identifying lasting ethanol-dependent changes is an important first step in understanding how acute drinking can turn into chronic alcohol abuse.”
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About this neuroscience research news
Author: Press Office
Source: University of Cologne
Contact: Press Office – University of Cologne
Image: The image is in the public domain
Original Research: Closed access.
“Single-dose ethanol intoxication causes acute and lasting neuronal changes in the brain” by Johannes Knabbe et al. PNAS
Abstract
Single-dose ethanol intoxication causes acute and lasting neuronal changes in the brain
Alcohol intoxication at early ages is a risk factor for the development of addictive behavior.
To uncover neuronal molecular correlates of acute ethanol intoxication, we used stable-isotope–labeled mice combined with quantitative mass spectrometry to screen more than 2,000 hippocampal proteins, of which 72 changed synaptic abundance up to twofold after ethanol exposure. Among those were mitochondrial proteins and proteins important for neuronal morphology, including MAP6 and ankyrin-G.
Based on these candidate proteins, we found acute and lasting molecular, cellular, and behavioral changes following a single intoxication in alcohol-naïve mice. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed a shortening of axon initial segments. Longitudinal two-photon in vivo imaging showed increased synaptic dynamics and mitochondrial trafficking in axons. Knockdown of mitochondrial trafficking in dopaminergic neurons abolished conditioned alcohol preference in Drosophila flies.
This study introduces mitochondrial trafficking as a process implicated in reward learning and highlights the potential of high-resolution proteomics to identify cellular mechanisms relevant for addictive behavior.